Peran Muhammadiyah Dalam Dinamika Politik Bangsa Indonesia Kontemporer: Antara Khittah, Ijtihad Politik, Dan Kontribusi Kebangsaan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63732/aij.v4i1.232Keywords:
Muhammadiyah, Khittah, Political Ijtihad, Democracy, Civil Islam, National ContributionAbstract
This study examines Muhammadiyah's role in Indonesia's contemporary political dynamics, focusing on three main dimensions: the khittah (ideological guideline), political ijtihad as an adaptation mechanism, and national contribution as a manifestation of civic engagement. Using library research with a qualitative-descriptive approach, this study analyzes official Muhammadiyah documents, academic works, and relevant policy reports. The findings indicate that Muhammadiyah has successfully maintained its identity as a socio-religious movement (civil Islam) while responding to political issues affecting the community and the nation. Although not formally affiliated with any political party, Muhammadiyah actively participates in democratic processes through policy advocacy, civic education, and civil society empowerment. This study concludes that Muhammadiyah's model of ethical-critical political engagement represents a unique contribution to democratic consolidation in Indonesia.
References
Ambardi, K. (2019). Demokrasi Indonesia: Kemajuan dan Kemunduran. Jakarta: Kompas.
Azra, A. (2012). Pendidikan Islam: Tradisi dan Modernisasi di Tengah Tantangan Milenium III. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Burhani, A. N. (2016). Muhammadiyah Berkemajuan: Pergeseran dari Puritanisme ke Kosmopolitanisme. Bandung: Mizan.
Burhani, A. N. (2018). Revealing the Neglected Missions: Some Notes on the Ethos of Muhammadiyah. Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 56(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2018.561.1-24
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
Effendi, B. (2013). Islam dan Negara: Transformasi Gagasan dan Praktik Politik Islam di Indonesia. Jakarta: Paramadina.
Hefner, R. W. (2000). Civil Islam: Muslims and Democratization in Indonesia. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Hefner, R. W. (2019). Whatever Happened to Civil Islam? Islam and Democratisation in Indonesia, 1998–2018. Asian Studies Review, 43(3), 375-396. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2019.1618412
Khoiruddin, A. (2025). Muhammadiyah dan Dinamika Politik Kebangsaan di Indonesia. NUR EL-ISLAM: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sosial Keagamaan, 12(1), 162-177.
Kuntowijoyo. (2007). Muslim Tanpa Masjid: Esai-esai Agama, Budaya, dan Politik dalam Bingkai Strukturalisme Transendental. Bandung: Mizan.
Maarif, A. S. (2009). Islam dalam Bingkai Keindonesiaan dan Kemanusiaan: Sebuah Refleksi Sejarah. Bandung: Mizan.
Mietzner, M. (2018). Fighting Illiberalism with Illiberalism: Islamist Populism and Democratic Deconsolidation in Indonesia. Pacific Affairs, 91(2), 261-282. https://doi.org/10.5509/2018912261
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
Nashir, H. (2010). Muhammadiyah Gerakan Pembaruan. Yogyakarta: Suara Muhammadiyah.
Nashir, H. (2018). Islam dan Kebangsaan: Refleksi atas Pokok-Pokok Pikiran Muhammadiyah. Yogyakarta: Suara Muhammadiyah.
Norris, P., & Inglehart, R. (2011). Sacred and Secular: Religion and Politics Worldwide (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah. (2010). Tanfidz Keputusan Muktamar Muhammadiyah ke-46. Yogyakarta: PP Muhammadiyah.
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Suara Muhammadiyah. (2019). Pernyataan Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah tentang Revisi UU KPK. Suara Muhammadiyah, 104(18), 5-7.
Syamsuddin, D. (2015). Islam dan Politik: Upaya Cerdas Memahami dan Merespons Dinamika Politik Indonesia. Bandung: Mizan.
Tushman, M. L., & O'Reilly, C. A. (1996). Ambidextrous Organizations: Managing Evolutionary and Revolutionary Change. California Management Review, 38(4), 8-29. https://doi.org/10.2307/411658

